Bitrate
Bitrate (Data Rate)
The number of bits processed or transmitted per second in an audio or video stream, directly affecting both file size and quality. Higher bitrates preserve more detail but produce larger files.
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Audio bitrate is measured in kbps (kilobits per second). CD quality is 1,411 kbps (uncompressed PCM: 44,100 Hz x 16 bits x 2 channels). MP3 ranges from 32 kbps (telephone quality) to 320 kbps (near-CD quality). AAC and Opus achieve equivalent quality at lower bitrates than MP3. Constant Bitrate (CBR) uses the same rate throughout, suitable for streaming; Variable Bitrate (VBR) allocates more bits to complex passages and fewer to silence, achieving better quality-to-size ratio. Average Bitrate (ABR) targets a specific average while allowing variation.
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``` Audio bitrate guide: 32 kbps โ AM radio quality (speech only) 128 kbps โ FM radio quality (podcast standard) 192 kbps โ Good quality (casual music listening) 256 kbps โ High quality (AAC sweet spot) 320 kbps โ Maximum MP3 quality 1,411 kbps โ CD quality (uncompressed 16-bit/44.1kHz stereo) File size: minutes ร bitrate รท 8 = KB 5 min @ 128 kbps = 5 ร 128 รท 8 = 80 KB โ 4.7 MB ```